Drug Abuse And Adolescent Risky Behavior - 884 Words

Addiction in Adolescence Introduction All addictions begin with risk taking. So, why is it that adolescents have such an attraction to risky behaviors? According to Broderick (2013), adolescents have a high propensity for sensation seeking (novel experiences) and seem to be willing to put themselves at risk in order to have these novel experiences (p. 392). This essay will attempt to discuss how the brain is developing, being impacted, and, how spiritual development effects adolescent risky behavior. Risky behaviors can include any behavior that is seen by most as deviant social behavior. For example, drug abuse, sexual promiscuity, eating disorders, alcohol abuse, etc. These behaviors occur in youth for a number of reasons and can range from being mild to severe. Some reasons for risky behaviors is: doing what their peers do, the need to feel/be sensational, or, as a way of testing their self-determination or individualism (p. 405). How Abuse or Addiction Affects the Developing Brain of an Adolescent Since we are categorizing abuse and addiction as risky behaviors, the question is – how is the brain being affected by these behaviors? As the brain develops, the growth and pruning of dopamine receptors (neurotransmitters that deal with emotions) cause a different distribution of receptors throughout the brain. Just when the youth begins seeking the approval from his peers, his cognitive control is developing at a slower rate that his emotions. Therefore, threeShow MoreRelatedDrug Use And The Factors That Influence A Future Drug Addiction1005 Words   |  5 Pagesexplores various ways adolescent brain is susceptible to risky behaviors such as drug use and the factors that influence a future drug addiction. Adolescence is a time of growth both physically and mentally as well as emotionally. Risky behaviors, such as drug use, are likely to appear during this time. It isn’t until early adulthood that the prefrontal cortex, the area of our brain responsible for logical thought and reasoning, is developed. Many underlying factors of substance abuse are well known, suchRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On Adolescents957 Words   |  4 Pagesto risky behavior. Nevertheless, that is not the only factor that can influence risk behaviors in adolescents. Poor parental guidance and absentee of a parent (s), peer influences, low self-esteem, mental health predisposition are a few of the factors that can lead adolescents into addiction or drug abuse. Research shows that teenagers are at increased risk of poor mental health, antisocial behavior and risk-taking behavior such as substance misuse (Raising Children Network, 2014). Drug abuse canRead MoreThe Effects Of Addiction On Adolescent Development1302 Words   |  6 Pageson Adolescent Development Adolescence is a time where adolescents grow and mature at a rapid rate. It is also a time where adolescents are more vulnerable to taking risks, such as using and becoming addicted to illegal substances, due to raging hormones. Whether or not an adolescent chooses to engage in drug use and abuse depends on their home environment and those they choose to associate themselves with. Adolescents are confronted with an enormous amount of pressure to participate in risky behaviorsRead MoreNotes On Adolescence And Substance Use Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesThis can lead to risky behaviors that begins earlier in adolescences, and peaks at the later stage just before adulthood. Risky behaviors can include drug or alcohol use or abuse (Broderick Blewitt, 2015). This paper will examine the relationship between adolescences and alcohol use, and the effect that alcohol have on the developing brain. As well as, how a healthy spiritual development can effect substance use in adolescences. In addition, it will discuss the issue of local drug or alcohol useRead MorePhysical Development Of Adolescents Report1263 Words   |  6 PagesKate Willey November 8, 2015 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN ADOLESCENTS REPORT THESIS- Adolescents are at higher risk of physical and brain injury due to their still developing brains, specifically the frontal lobe. Is it possible for the engagement in sexual activity, alcohol and drug use, sport injuries and other risky behaviors damage adolescent minds? The answer is yes because early high-risk behaviors, including sexual encounters, are powerful influences and appear to beRead MorePrescription Drug Use And Drug Abuse1691 Words   |  7 PagesPrescription drug abuse is an ongoing problem in rural teens. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health suggests that 13% of teens between the ages of 12-17 have experimented with nonmedical prescription drugs at some point in their lives. Researchers have identified several factors linked with nonmedical prescription drug use such as their school enrollment status, history of depression, and a two parent household presence (Gever, 2010). Nonmedical prescription drug abuse has been the rise, inRead MoreAdolescence : An Exciting Milestone For Any Individual1626 Words   |  7 Pagesa strict monitoring regime due to the fact that some teens will begin engaging in risky behavior such as experimenting with substances. This can lead to habitual abusing and other serious problems. Thus, preventing early use of drugs or alcohol may go a long way in reducing these risks. In this instance, there is a need to identify specific factors within the home environment to mitigate or even prevent adolescents from wandering down this destructive path, which leads to poor education, sexual devianceRead MoreFactors That Affect The Development Of Young Adults1002 Words   |  5 Pages1. Kelly like many adolescents’ has a myriad of biological changes occurring during this time in her life puberty, sexual maturation, increases in height and weight, as well as changes in her body composition. Even though the progression of these events during puberty is somewhat consistent among adolescents, differences can be found; in Kelly’s case an early growth spurt separated her from her peers. Early Sexual development and dramatic changes in body composition such as weight gain or growthRead MoreJust Another Generation Of Normal Degrassi Teens1297 Words   |  6 PagesTeens For over a decade, many a middle school student has watched an episode of degrassi and wondered â€Å"How accurate is this show anyway?† Everyone at some point questions how many teens deal with any of the situations dealt with in this TV show. The drugs, depression, and drama come off as excessive, but then again we should be watching the show in context. These high school students, like every Degrassi student before them, experiences biological, cognitive, and social change daily. They are slowlyRead MoreAdolescence And Its Effects On Adult Behavior Essay1585 Words   |  7 Pagesa period of transition through which individuals prepare for living independently in adulthood. Adolescents begin to emulate adult behaviors and seek novelty, with an inhibited regard for danger, as they accumulate the skills needed to provide for themselves. (Spear, 2000) There are several characteristics of adolescence that seem to make an individual more prone to experimenting with addictive drug use, to his or her potential detriment. These include: an increase in taking species-specific risks

The Responsibilities of Fatherhood Essay - 1307 Words

Economic and social statistical data rarely differentiate men who are not fathers from those who are fathers. Again, very little information concerning fatherhood and what fathers want is available to people. Written literature on fatherhood and written accounts about fatherhood from men who are fathers are also relatively rare. There is certainty that the environment around fatherhood has increasingly changed when it comes to domestic domain, employment and breadwinning, the structure of the family and employment (FNF 2011). The quality of families, mainly between fathers and sons, fathers and daughters is nurtured by quality of fatherhood. Children especially the ones at the teenage level require firm leadership from their fathers now†¦show more content†¦The link between parental responsibilities to the biological father where once children legitimacy depended on the legal base of the child-father relationship is demonstrated in the Children Act 1989 and Family law Act 19 87 reforms. Though fathers who are not married have the right to parental responsibility and the legal status of their fatherhood, their rights as parents are not equal to those of those who are married and the few obtained rights, are not acquired automatically (FNF 2011). A concrete policy guiding fatherhood is therefore needed to address issues concerning what fatherhood means and the policies needed in supporting fatherhood. It should also explain and dictate the one to provide the support. Fatherhood has emerged to be an important issue where work and family have to be well addressed. It has come to a conclusion that fathers rarely represent themselves in the social policy making debates hence they rarely voice their interests in fatherhood. Silence is not wise in this case and communication is very important if fatherhood is important to them. There has been increased attention to the call for a closer child-father relationship due to family changes where it has been found that many fathers are living away from their children and others live with the stepchildren. It has also been proven that there are negative consequences andShow MoreRelatedThe Fatherhood Across Cultures : A Family Responsibility For Most Cultures2452 Words   |  10 PagesFath erhood Across Cultures I. Introduction The job of child rearing is widely regarded as a maternal responsibility for most cultures rooted in patriarchal systems (Hossain et al., 2007), and any prevalent studies on the role parents play in childcare tend to focus primarily on the relationship between mother and child. Analysis on the involvement of fathers in infant/child development had been somewhat lacking in the spectrum of cross-cultural psychology research until recently, with theRead MoreIdentity and Responsibility: Fatherhood in The Fixer Permit me to ask, Yakov Shepsovitch, are800 Words   |  4 Pages Identity and Responsibility: Fatherhood in The Fixer Permit me to ask, Yakov Shepsovitch, are you a father? With all my heart. Then you can imagine our anguish, sighed the sad-eyed Tsar. (Malamud, 332) This passage, coming in the final pages of Bernard Malamuds The Fixer, represents a human reality commonly portrayed in both real life and fiction: the truth one feels is often much more significant than the sum total of the events that have actually transpired. In actuality, YakovRead MoreThe Positive Health Impacted By Fathers Involvement1705 Words   |  7 Pageschildbirth, and parenting an infant is targeted towards mothers. Reproductive health has been primarily focused around women for a long time. In more recent years medical research is turning towards men in regards to reproductive health. Research on fatherhood has expanded a lot in more recent times. Today’s society has seen many changes in family structure and gender roles. Women are in the work force more now than before and there has been development of women’s rights in regards to gender equalityRead MoreHow Father Involvement Can Increase Positive Social And Emotional Development915 Words   |  4 Pagescan increase positive social and emotional development. Paschal et al., (2011), identified provider role as the one who provide economic status the child. Participants expressed a desire to care for child financially. Fathers identified their responsibility of caring for child by purchasing diapers, clothes, and baby food. In most cases Paschal et al., (2011) found most fathers who shared the importance of providing for child financially was older, and had some form of employment compared to youngRead MoreFather s Role As A Child s Development1478 Words   |  6 Pagesbeing a father. The experien ce of fatherhood was explored through asking, what being a father meant to them. Major themes include the perception of fatherhood, â€Å"being there† and responsibility, the importance of fathers, self-image as fathers, and obstacles to fathers’ involvement. (Halle, Moore, Greene LeMenestrel, 1998) reviews research and policy on father involvement. Sections on defining father involvement including accessibility, engagement, and responsibility; whether father involvement mattersRead MoreObstacles of Fathers in the United States1610 Words   |  7 Pagesengagement, and obstacles of fathers in the United States. The authors noted that fathers who participated in this survey range between the age of 18 and older. This telephone survey consists of fathers themselves answering questions related to their own fatherhood roles. Further, this article presents the results of the hundreds of American men promoting behaviors, such as agreeing or disagreeing about being involve, cohabitating or married to the child or children mother. This child may be an adoptive orRead MoreThe Role Of The Father Has Changed Today s Society964 Words   |  4 Pagesfathers and fatherhood have changed dramatically in the last few decades. In the past fathers assumed the role of the breadwinner and disciplinarians while the mother’s where in charge of the upbringing of his children. The expectations of fathers as presented by the media is that they become more than breadwinner of the family. As a man become a father he must expect that his life will change such as prioritizing his time and engaging more with his children. If a man is serious about fatherhood they needRead MoreJohn Tosh s A Man s Place : Masculinity And The Middle Class Home932 Words   |  4 Pagesparticularly the role of the father of the household, and their children. Fatherhood was one of the contending requirements of masculinity, for Tosh argues that ‘fathers secured the satisfaction of fulfilling a crucial criterion of adult masculinity- the ability to feed, clothe, and shelter children.’’ Other roles of the father included his conduction of the family prayers, involvement in holidays and the responsibility of ensuring a bright future of his sons. The dominating factor of religionRead MoreHow The Expectations And Roles Of Fathers Throughout Canada And England Essay9 26 Words   |  4 Pages Fatherhood in Canada and England Alyssa Cisco Fayetteville Technical Community College Abstract In this paper, you will read about the expectations and roles of fathers in Canada and England. You will learn about the statistics of children that are fatherless or living with a lone parent father. You will also learn the definition of what a father’s role should be in his household. This paper helps the reader understand the importance of a father in his child’s life. Fatherhood in CanadaRead MoreThe Essential Father By Louise Silverstein And Carl Auerbach927 Words   |  4 Pagesyou re no longer wanted or needed in 21st-century America. This news may come as a shock with another Father s Day upon us, but it s just some of what Louise Silverstein and Carl Auerbach concluded in a jaw-dropping study on fathers and fatherhood aptly titled Deconstructing the Essential Father. Published in American Psychologist, a journal of the American Psychological Association, the study s radical conclusions further undermine what was once beyond debate - the idea that fathers

Financial Reporting Essay Example For Students

Financial Reporting Essay OnSeptember 28, 1998, Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange CommissionArthur Levitt sounded the call to arms in the financial community. Levitt askedfor, immediate and coordinated action to assure credibility andtransparency of financial reporting. Levitts speech emphasized theimportance of clear financial reporting to those gathered at New YorkUniversity. Reporting which has bowed to the pressures and tricks of earningsmanagement. Levitt specifically addresses five of the most popular tricks usedby firms to smooth earnings. Secondly, Levitt outlines an eight part action planto recover the integrity of financial reporting in the U.S. market place. Whatare the basic objectives of financial reporting? Generally accepted accountingprinciples provide information that identifies, measures, and communicatesfinancial information about economic entities to reasonably knowledgeable users. We will write a custom essay on Financial Reporting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Information that is a source of decision making for a wide array of users, mostimportantly, by investors and creditors. Investors and creditors who areresponsible for effective allocation of capital in our economy. If financialreporting becomes obscure and indecipherable, society loses the benefits ofeffective capital allocation. Nothing illustrates the importance of transparentinformation better than the pre-1930s era of anything goes accounting. An erathat left a chasm of misinformation in the market. A chasm that was acontributing factor to the market collapse of 1929 and the years of economicdepression. An entire society suffered the repercussions of misinformation. Families, and retirees depend on the credibility of financial reporting fortheir futures and livelihoods. Levitt describes financial reporting as, a bondbetween the company and the investor which if damaged can have disastrous,long-lasting consequences. Once again, the bond is being tested. Tested by afinancial community fixated on consensus earnings estimates. The pressure toachieve consensus estimates has never been so intense. The market demandsconsistency and punishes those who come up short. Eric Benhamou, former CEO of3COM Corporation, learned this hard lesson over a few short weeks in 1996. Benhamou and shareholders lost $7 billion in market value when 3COM failed toachieve expectations. The pressures are a tangled web of expectations, andconflicts of interest which Levitt describes as almostself-perpetuating. With pressures mounting, the answer from U.S. managershas been earnings management with a mix of managed expectations. March of 1997Fortune magazine reported that for an unprecedented sixteen consecutivequarters, more SP 500 companies have beat the consensus earnings estimatethan missed them. The sign of a quickly growing economy and a measure of theimportance the market has placed on consensus earnings estimates. The singularemphasis on earnings growth by investors has opened the door to earningsmanagement solutions. Solutions that are further being reinforced to managers bymarket forces and compensation plans. Primarily, managers jobs depend on theirability to build stockholder equity, and ever more importantly their owncompensation. A growing number of CEOs are recieving greater percentages oftheir compensation as stock options. A very personal incentive for executiveachievement of consensus earnings estimates. Companies are not the only ones tofeel the squeeze. Analysts are being pressured by large institutional investorsand companies seeking to manage expectations. Everyone is seeking the win. Auditors are being accused of being out to lunch, with the clients. Manyaccounting firms are coming under scrutiny as some of their clients are beinginvestigated by the SEC for irregularities in their practice of accounting. Cendant and Sunbeam both left accounting giant Arthur Anderson holding a bigolbag full of unreported accounting irregularities. Auditors from BDO Seidmanaddressed issues of GAAP with Thing New Ideas company. The Changes were made andBDO was replace for no specific reason. Herb Greenberg calls the episode,A reminder that the company being audited also pays the auditorsbill. The Kind of conflict of interests that leads us to question the ideaof how independent the auditors are. All of these pressures allow questionableaccounting practices to obfuscate the reporting process. Generally acceptedaccounting principles are intended to be a guide, not a procedure. They havebeen developed with intended flexibility so as not to hinder the advancement ofnew and innovative business practice. Flexibility that has left plenty of roomfor companies to stretch the boundaries of GAAP. Levitt focuss on five of themost widespread techniques used to deliver added flexibility. BigBath restructuring charges , creative acquisition accounting, CookieJar reserves, Immaterial misapplications of accountingprinciples and the premature recognition of revenues. These practices do notspecifically violate the letter of the law, but are gimmicks thatignore the spirit and intentions of GAAP. Gimmicks, according to Levitt, thatare an erosion in the quality of earnings and therefore the quality offinancial reporting. No longer is this just a problem perceived in smallcorporations struggling for recognition. Throughout the financial community,companies big and small are using these tools to smooth earnings and maximizemarket capitalization. The Big Bath restructuring charge is thewiping away of years of future expenses and charging them in the current period. .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb , .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .postImageUrl , .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb , .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:hover , .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:visited , .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:active { border:0!important; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:active , .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a4353c4f06ff90ed33401256a3e52cb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My healthy lifestyle EssayA practice that paves the way to easy future earnings growth by allowing futureexpenses to be absorbed by restructuring liabilities. Large one time chargesthat will be ignored by analysts and the financial community through a littleconvincing and notation. In note fifteen of the Coca-Cola companys 1998annual report shows seven nonrecurring items from the past three years. Fours ofthese charges are restructuring charges, most significantly in 1996 in thisnote. In 1996, we recorded provisions of approximately $276 million in selling,administrative and general expenses related to our plans for strengthening ourworld wide system. Of this $276 million, approximately $130 million related tostreamlining our operations, primarily in Greater Europe and Latin America. These one time write-offs become virtually insignificant footnotes to thefinancial reporting process. Extraordinary charges that are becoming unusuallycommon. Kodak has taken six extraordinary charges since 1991 and Coca-Cola hastaken four in two years. The financial community has to wonder howunusual these charges are. Creative acquisition accounting is whatLevitt calls Merger Magic. With the increasing number of mergers inthe 90s, companies have created another one time charge to avoid futureearnings drags. The in-process research and development chargeallows companies to minimize the premium paid on the acquisition of a company. Apremium that would otherwise be capitalized as goodwill: and depreciatedover a number of years. Depreciation expenses that have an impact on futureearnings. This one time charge allowed WorldCom to minimize the capitalizationof goodwill and avoid $100 million a year in depreciation expensesfor many years. A charge hiding in this complex note on WorldComs 1996 annualfinancial statement. (1) Results for 1996 include a $2.14 billion charge forin-process research and development related to the MFS merger. The charge isbased upon a valuation analysis of the technologies of MFS worldwide informationsystem, the internet network expansion system of UUNET, and certain otheridentified research and development projects purchased in the MFS merger. Theexpense includes $1.6 billion associated with UUNET and $0.54 billion related toMFS. (2) Additionally, 1996 results include other after-tax charges of $121million for employee severance, employee compensation charges, alignmentcharges, and costs to exit unfavorable telecommunications contracts and $343.5million after-tax write-down of operating assets within the companys non-corebusinesses. On a pre-tax basis, these charges totaled $600.1 million. The dollaramounts are staggering and the future implications far reaching. Since thisapproach was introduced by IBM in 1995 these charges have become co mmonplace foracquisition accounting. A popularity, largely due to the level of room allowedin research and development estimations. The Third earnings manipulation tooldiscussed by Levitt is what he calls Miscellaneous Cookie JarReserves. The technique involves liability and other accrual accountsspecifically sensitive to accounting assumptions and estimates. These accountscan include sales returns, loan losses, warranty costs, allowance for doubtfulaccounts, expectations of goods to be returned and a host of others. Under theauspices of conservatism, these accounts can be used to store accruals of futureincome. Restructuring liabilities created by Big Bath charges alsoprovides these Cookie jar reserve effect. Jack Ciesielski, whomanages money and writes the Analysts Accounting Observer, calls theseaccounts the accounting equivalent of turning lead into gold a virtualhoneypot for making rainy-day adjustments. Various adjustments and entriesthat can produce almost any desired results in the pursuit of consistency. Thestatement of financial accounting concepts No. 2 (FASB, May 1980), definesmateriality as: The magnitude of an omission or misstatement ofaccounting information that, in light of surrounding circumstances, makes itprobable that the judgement of a reaonable person relying on the informationwould have been changed or influenced by the omission or misstatement. Todaysmanagement has started to ignore this fundamental principle. Materiality isbeing defined as a range of a few percentage points. Companies defend immaterialomissions by referring to percentage ceilings that draw a line on materiality. The amount falls under our ceiling and is therefore immaterial. Themateriality gimmick is one more method companies are using to stretch a nickelinto a dime. Simply put, In markets where missing an earnings projectionby a penny can result in a loss of millions of dollars in market capitalization,I have a hard time accepting that some of these so-called non-events simplydont matter, says Levitt. Finally, Levitt briefly touches on thecomplex issue of the manipulation occuring in revenue recognition. Moderncontracts, refunding, delaying of sales, up front and initiation fees all add tothe complications in some industries to follow specific rules of revenuerecognition. With plenty of holes in revenue recognition the door is open fortweaking. Microsoft is a good example of the problems facing todayscompanies. Concerned with proper revenue recognition, Microsoft started apractice in the software industry that allows companies to recognize revenueover a period of time. This recognition allo ws for better matching of revenuesto future expenses generated by the sale of the software. Expenses such asupgrades and technical support are related to the revenue generated by the saleof the software but are incurred at a later date. The complexities of modernbusiness transactions have left modern standards of accountancy years behind. .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 , .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .postImageUrl , .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 , .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:hover , .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:visited , .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:active { border:0!important; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:active , .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3 .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaa8c71f0c7e93eacf7043563f9054df3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Absent Male In Little Women EssayGimmicks, that all must be addressed by the financial community. The task ofreturning integrity to U.S. financial reporting is of paramount importance. Theinterests of our financial system are at stake. Arthur Levitt and the SECstand ready to take appropriate action if that interest is not protected. But, a private sector response that obviates the need for public sectordictates seems the wisest choice. A nine part plan that involves theentire financial community is proposed by Levitt. Levitt has made it very clearthat the SEC is prepared to start forcing change. A line Levitt hopes will notbe necessary to cross. The SEC will begin to issue guidance on a wide array ofissues concerning the credibility and transparency of financial reporting. Guidance that must be acted on to Obviate the need for large scaleSEC involvement. The SEC will also act more proactively in two of itstraditional roles of information regulation and enforcement. First, the SEC willbegin requiring companies to provide additional disclosure details on changes inaccounting assumptions. Supplemental beginning and ending balances andadjustments of sensitive restructuring liabilities and other loss accruals willalso be required. Secondly, the SEC is unleashing the dogs on companies usingany practices that appear to be managing earnings. The gauntlet has been thrown,and it is up to the financial community to accept the challenge. FASB and otherstandard setting bodies have fallen behind a rapidly changing and evolvingeconomic environment. FASB and the AICPA are being coercively encouraged toclean up auditing and disclosure practices. The pressure is on and standardsetting bodies are scrambling to close the holes in GAAP. FASB has establishedcommittees to in vestigate a number of concerns and is diligently working towardsolutions that obviate. Auditors and the public accounting industryreceived a good scolding from Levitt. Glaring failures in the auditing processat Sunbeam, Waste Management Inc., and Cendant have put the whole industry atrisk of public solutions. The auditors have failed to be the watchdog of investors. It is time to clean up your industry. Criticism by theentire financial community has questioned the auditors, qualifications, methodsand their ability to police themselves. Finally Levitt challenges corporatemanagement, and investors to begin a cultural change. Change that resists thepressures to follow the leader in accounting chicanery. Investors are encouragedto set financial standards of integrity and transparency and punish those whodepend on illusion and deception. American markets enjoy the confidence ofthe world. How many half-truths, and how much sleight-of-hand, will it take totarnish that faith? With the shift away form company run pension planseveryone has become their own personal financial planners. What hangs in thebalance is the future of us all. BibliographyLevitt, Arthur. Quality Information: The Lifeblood of OurMarkets. Speech, 18 Oct. 1999. Fox, Justin, Searching for Nonfictionin Financial Statements, Fortune 23 Dec. 1996. Adams, Jane B. Remarks. Speech, 9 Dec. 1998. Ciesielski, Jack, More SecondGuessing. Barrons. Johnson, Norman S. Recent Developments at theSEC. Speech. 20 August 1999. Fox, Justin. Learning to Play theEarnings Game (And Wallstreet will Love You). Fortune 31 Mar. 1997Greenberg, Herb, The Auditors are Always Last to Know, FortuneInvestor 17 Aug. 1998. Melcher, Richard, Where are the Accountants.Business Week 5 Oct. 1998. Melcher, Richard and Sparks, Debra EarningsHocus Pocus Business Week 5 Oct. 1998. Bartlett, Sarah, CorporateEarnings: Who Can You Trust Business Week 5 Oct. 1998. Turner, Lynn E. Continuing High Traditions Speech, 5 Nov. 1998. Turner, Lynn E. Remarks Speech, 10 Feb. 1999. Aeppel, Timothy EatonsEarnings Increase but Miss Analysts Forecasts 20 Oct. 1999. Tran, KhanhExcite At Home Posts Quarterly Loss Due to Charges but MeetsEstimates 20 Oct. 1999. Bank, David Microsoft Earnings ExceedExpectations 20 Oct. 1999.

The Tragedy Of Hamlet Essays (951 words) - Shakespearean Tragedies

The Tragedy of Hamlet Arguably the best piece of writing ever done by William Shakespeare, Hamlet the is the classic example of a tragedy. In all tragedies the hero suffers, and usually dies at the end. Othello stabs himself, Romeo and Juliet commit suicide, Brutis falls on his sword, and like them Hamlet dies by getting cut with a poison tipped sword. But that is not all that is needed to consider a play a tragedy, and sometimes a hero doesn't even need to die. Making Not every play in which a Hero dies is considered a tragedy. There are more elements needed to label a play one. Probably the most important element is an amount of free will. In every tragedy, the characters must displays some. If every action is controlled by a hero's destiny, then the hero's death can't be avoided, and in a tragedy the sad part is that it could. Hamlet's death could have been avoided many times. Hamlet had many opportunities to kill Claudius, but did not take advantage of them. He also had the option of making his claim public, but instead he chose not too. A tragic hero doesn't need to be good. For example, MacBeth was evil, yet he was a tragic hero, because he had free will. He also had only one flaw, and that was pride. He had many good traits such as bravery, but his one bad trait made him evil. Also a tragic hero doesn't have to die. While in all Shakespearean tragedies, the hero dies, in others he may live but suffer "Moral Destruction". In Oedipus Rex, the proud yet morally blind king plucks out his eyes, and has to spend his remaining days as a wandering, sightless beggar, guided at every painful step by his daughter, Antigone. A misconception about tragedies is that nothing good comes out of them, but it is actually the opposite. In Romeo and Juliet, although both die, they end the feud between the Capulets and the Montegues. Also, Romeo and Juliet can be together in heaven. In Hamlet, although Hamlet dies, it is almost for the best. How could he have any pleasure during the rest of his life, with his parents and Ophelia dead. Also, although Hamlet dies, he is able to kill Claudius and get rid of the evil ruling the throne. Every tragic play must have a tragic hero. The tragic hero must possess many good traits, as well as one flaw, which eventually leads to his downfall. A tragic hero must be brave and noble. In Othello, Othello had one fatal flaw, he was too great. Othello was too brave, too noble, and especially too proud to allow himself to be led back to Venice in chains. A tragic hero must not back down from his position. He also has to have free will, in order to stand up for what he believes in. Finally, the audience must have some sympathy for the tragic hero. In MacBeth, although MacBeth commits many murders, one almost feels sorry for him and his fate. Hamlet is the perfect example of the tragic hero. Hamlet has all the good traits needed to be a tragic hero. He is brave and daring. One example of this is that when he went to England, he was taking a big risk. If his plan didn't work, he would have been executed He also is also loyal. His loyalty to his father, was the reason he was so angry at Claudius and his Mother. Another trait was that he was intelligent. He was able to think up the idea of faking insanity, in order to get more information about Claudius. But Hamlet like all other tragic hero's had a flaw. He couldn't get around to doing anything, because he couldn't move on. He was a full grown adult, yet he still attended school in England, because he couldn't move on. Also, it took him a long time to stop grieving about his father, because he didn't want to move past that part of his life. And after he finally did, Hamlet couldn't get around to killing Claudius. He kept pretending he was insane even after he